Active vs. Passive Fire Protection
Passive fire protection relates to building features designed to contain fire and smoke without requiring any action in the event of a fire. This is usually design features and building materials. Examples include fire doors; fire resistant walls, floors, and ceilings; firestopping systems, etc. Active fire protection pertains to available systems and elements that require some form of action to activate during a fire. This action could either be manual, where a person or persons must engage it, or automatic, which deploys a system once fire or smoke is detected. Examples include smoke detectors, fire extinguishers, fire sprinkler systems, etc.
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